The discourse marker hani in Turkish
Studies in Language Companion Series, John Benjamins Publishing Company, ss.251-276, 2020
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2020
- Doi Numarası: 10.1075/slcs.213.10aka
- Yayınevi: John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.251-276
- Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study is dedicated to the Turkish discourse marker hani, which exhibits three kinds of use. It appears in interrogative sentences with a wh-question intonation. In these cases, the use of hani indicates that the context provides counter evidence for the belief/expectations of the speaker and the speaker demands an account for it from the hearer. Hani also appears at the beginning of clauses ending with the particle ya. Those utterances are questions demanding an answer from the hearer and reminding the speaker's belief or expectation, which the hearer is expected to corroborate. Finally, hani can appear in declarative clauses expressing the same value of reminding the hearer of a belief of the speaker. The common core of all three uses is the notion of shared knowledge: Hani is used for the sake of Common Ground management. Drawing on previous research on negative polar questions as well as inner negation and outer negation in questions, we show that utterances including hani with wh-question intonation involve a negation and a question operator and show an "inner negation" reading. Hani ya utterances are compatible with the outer negation reading of negative polar questions and demand neutral contexts or positive evidence. Declarative hani is incompatible with contexts that provide negative evidence, but felicitous in neutral and positive contexts.