Reactor Design for Fuel Processing
Fuel Cells: Technologies for Fuel Processing, Elsevier, ss.451-516, 2011
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2011
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53563-4.10014-8
- Yayınevi: Elsevier
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.451-516
- Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This chapter discusses reactor designs for fuel processing. Fuel reforming reactor is the part of the fuel processing system in which catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon fuels (fossil or renewable) to a hydrogen-rich mixture takes place. In general, the type of catalyst and fuel dictate the reaction temperature, molar ratio of steam, and hydrocarbon in the feed and the product distribution. Design of a reformer unit is mainly a function of the fuel conversion mode and the nature of the catalyst used. If the conversion route is endothermic, such as in steam reforming (SR), structures providing improved heat input to the catalyst bed should be implemented. Similarly, exothermic reactions require effective distribution of the generated heat to the catalyst bed. This study provides the details of such requirements for each fuel, as the nature of the hydrocarbon is as important as the conversion route and the catalyst in the reformer design. Following this, it outlines various catalytic reactor types. These include fixed beds, monoliths, microchannels, foams, and wire gauzes, that can be used in the specific steps of fuel processing, i.e., reforming, WGS, carbon monoxide removal, and desulfurization. Finally, it presents model equations that describe the operation of basic reactor types and membrane reactors that can be used in fuel reforming, WGS, CO removal, and desulfurization stages of the fuel processing operation.