Fe3O4 based magnetic nanomaterials for heavy metal removal: comprehensive review (2020–2024 years)
Emergent Materials, cilt.9, sa.4, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
- Cilt numarası: 9 Sayı: 4
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s42247-026-01374-y
- Dergi Adı: Emergent Materials
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Heavy metal removal, Magnetic nanocomposites, Green synthesis, Adsorption mechanisms, Environmental remediation
- Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır
Özet
Heavy metal contamination in water sources poses significant threats to human health and the environment, necessitating the development of efficient remediation technologies. Fe3O4-based magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as versatile adsorbents due to their superparamagnetic properties, ease of functionalization, and high adsorption capacities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of advancements in Fe3O4-based materials for heavy metal removal from 2020 to 2025. Core materials, core-shell nanoparticles, functionalized MNPs, green-synthesized materials, and nanocomposites are systematically explored, highlighting their synthesis, modifications, adsorption mechanisms, and performance metrics. Key findings reveal adsorption capacities reaching 719.42 mg/g for Pb(II) and recyclability up to 8 cycles with > 85% efficiency retention. Challenges such as scalability, functional stability, and selectivity in complex matrices are critically discussed. Future suggestions emphasize innovative functionalization techniques, green synthesis approaches, and hybrid systems to enhance performance and sustainability. This review aims to guide researchers and practitioners toward scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solutions for water and wastewater treatment.